TNFD for Financial Institutions The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) is a global science-based initiative with the mission to develop and deliver risk management and disclosure framework for organisations to report and act on evolving nature-related issues. The Task Force for Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) has released a draft form of sector-specific guidance for financial institutions on the TNFD recommendations, the TNFD metrics architecture, and additional sources and references on nature-related issues for financial institutions. Who reports? The additional TNFD guidance The a for financial institutions applies to banks, insurance companies, asset managers and owners, and development finance institutions. institutions offering portfolio management services What is reported? The Taskforce proposes an adaptation of the TNFD disclosure metrics architecture for financial institutions: 1. A metric that represents the financial exposure to a defined set of sectors considered to have maternal nature-related dependencies and impacts. 2. Ametric that represents the financial exposure to companies with activities in sensitive locations 3. Additional metrics aligned with nature change, as relevant to the financial institution Benefits Disclosure can allow companies to enhance and protect their reputation, attract capital, and track and benchmark progress The TNFD framework helps financial institutions to identify nature-related risks and opportunities

ICMA Green Bonds Principles The Green Bond Principles (GBP) are guidelines that enable issuers to finance sustainable projects. These guidelines promote transparency, disclosure and reporting within the green bond market. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL RISK $ Who reports? Any issuers of green bonds This may include banks or other corporates. What is reported? Under the recommendations of the principles, issuers should implement a green bond framework that aligns to four components: Use of proceeds-Proceeds of a green bond should finance green projects. The GBP define the categones of projects that can be labelled as green. Process for project evaluation and selection-Issuers should dedose the sustainability credentials of projects to their investors eg how the project is determined to be sustainable and the targets associated with the bond. Management of proceeds-There should be full transparency from the issuers as to how proceeds are managed Reporting-Report how proceeds are allocated to green projects. This can be within the issuers annual report Benefits Outlines the key components of investors strategies for achieving sustainability commitments. Ensures investments are aligned with sustainability goals

Carbon Reporting Services Carbon reporting is a means by which a company can present their greenhouse gas emission inventory and formulate a roadmap in order to achieve carbon emission reductions. Carbon reporting is now mandatory in over 40 countries around the world and an integral part of ESG for major organisations. Be it driven by statutory compliance, shareholder obligations or stakeholder pressure, the benefits of carbon reporting are not only a reduction in an organisation’s GHG emissions, which benefits the entire world but also in finding inefficiencies that can result in process cost savings. Scope Emissions GHG Emissions Helping clients identify GHG Emissions To be meaningful, carbon reporting should contain accurate and informative information that is useful to both the organisation in managing their GHG emissions and also to external parties who require the information to make informed decisions. We have helped our clients around the world in accurately identifying their GHG emissions from Scope 1 through to Scope 3 emissions. Defining the boundary of the assessments The selection of tools and guidance to be used is therefore crucial in defining the boundary of the assessment. Our carbon team support our clients achieve their net-zero ambitions by offering a bespoke service that adopts national and international standards and guidance, including: The Greenhouse Gas Protocol Science Based Targets Initiative (SBTi) Net-Zero Standard Energy Management Assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services Carbon Neutrality With our support our clients can manage their climate change obligations and identify opportunities of excessive energy usage or other inefficiencies leading to cost effective process changes. Accurate analysis of GHG emission data Consistent means of tracking GHG emissions over time Provide an action plan for GHG emission reductions and cost savings

SDG Reporting Best Practice Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 global goals set by the United Nations to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all by 2030. SDG reporting is a method of measuring and communicating a company’s progress toward achieving the SDGs. To accurately and effectively communicate their sustainability efforts, companies need to adopt best practices in SDG reporting. Integrate SDGs into Business Strategy: Companies should integrate them into their business strategy and ensure that their sustainability efforts align with the goals. This helps to ensure that their reporting accurately reflects their impact on sustainable development. Use a Consistent Framework: Companies should use a consistent framework for SDG reporting, such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) or the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB). This helps to ensure that their reporting is transparent, comparable, and credible. Focus on Material Issues: Companies should focus their reporting on material issues or issues that are most relevant to their business and have the greatest impact on sustainable development. This helps to ensure that their reporting is comprehensive and focused. Engage Stakeholders: Companies should engage with their stakeholders, including investors, customers, and employees, to understand their sustainability priorities and ensure that their reporting accurately reflects them. Use Data and Metrics: Companies should use data and metrics to measure their progress towards the SDGs and communicate their impact on sustainable development. This helps to ensure that their reporting is accurate and credible. Report Progress and Challenges: Companies should report on their progress towards the SDGs and their challenges. This helps to ensure that their reporting is transparent and provides a comprehensive understanding of their sustainability efforts. Continuously Improve: Companies should continuously improve their SDG reporting by seeking feedback from stakeholders, updating their reporting frameworks, and incorporating new data and metrics. In conclusion, SDG reporting is a critical tool for companies to communicate their sustainability efforts and impact sustainable development. By adopting best practices in SDG reporting, companies can ensure that their reporting is transparent, credible, and comprehensive and that they are making a meaningful contribution to a more sustainable future.

The EU Green Bond Standard (EUGB) has been created to ensure that there is adequate transparency in line with market best practice regarding the issuance of green bonds across the Bl The EU council adopted the regulation on the 23rd of October 2023 and will start its application in October 2024. Who reports? The regulation can be applied voluntarily to all issuers of green bonds within the EU-who can subsequently label their bonds European Green Bonds. Issuers of green bonds who are not fully aligned with the EU taxonomy may opt-in to a number of the regulation's disclosure. requirements. What is reported? All issuers using the EUGB standard when issuing a green bond will be be required to disclose how the band's proceeds will be used, and show how such investments support the transition plans of the organisation. Therefore, as part of a new requirement the EUGB standard requires businesses to partake in a green transition. ESG Benefits The new standard provides the following benefits Fosters consistency and comparability in the green bond market Allows issuers to demonstrate that they are funding legitimate green projects aligned with the EU taxonomy Improves access to certified gold standard green bonds for prospective investors

Green Loan Principles The Green Loan Principles (GLPs) are a set of voluntary guidelines issued by the Loan Market Association to aid the development of a market-standard approach to green lending. On 23 February 2023, a joint working group comprising of the Loan Market Association, the Loan Syndications and Trading Association and the Asia Pacific Loan Market Association published updated principles and guidelines on the Green Loan Principles (the "GLPs"), which were last updated in February 2021.  The GLPs aim to promote the development of the green loan product by providing a recommended framework of market standards and guidelines whilst allowing the loan product to retain flexibility. 1.1 Green loans are defined by the GLPs as any type of loan instruments and/or contingent facilities made available exclusively to finance, re-finance or guarantee, in whole or in part, new and/or existing eligible green projects. To this extent, the GLPs recognise non-exhaustive categories of eligibility for green projects such as: climate change mitigation and adaptation, natural resource conservation, pollution prevention and control, renewable energy, clean transportation and green buildings. 1.2 The GLPs provide a framework to assist in the understanding and application of green loans based on four core components: Use of proceeds; Process for project evaluation and selection; Management of proceeds; Reporting. Who reports? The GLPs can be applied by any market participants, with the guidelines supporting the integrity of the green loan market by clarifying when and how a loan can be categorised as "green" What is reported? The GLPs require specific methodologies to be applied to a green Joan Similarly to the Green Bond Principles, the GLPs are based around four components: Use of proceeds Process for Project for Project Evaluation and Selection Management of Proceeds Reporting Benefits Provides clanty on the instance at which a loan can be classified an "green" Promotes the financing of sustainable activities and projects. Improves the transparency of the use of proceeds

United Nations Environment Programme Principles for Responsible Banking (UNEP PRB) are a unique framework for ensuring that signatory banks' strategy and practice align with the Sustainable Development Goals and t the e Paris Climate Agreement. The six Principles that make up the framework were created in 2019 through a partnership between founding banks and the d the UN Who reports? Signatories are asked to commit to embedding the six Principles across all building areas, at the strategic, portfolio and transactional levels. Signatory banks must report by latest 18 months after signing the Principles, and annually thereafter Benefits Governance and Responsibility. The framework emphasizes governance at the board/CEO level ensuring a high-level commitment to the goal of achieving net-zero portfolio emissions. It also highlights the responsibility for the implementation of the commitment and strategy, fostering accountability among decision-makers The Six Principles 1. Alignment Banks commit to align their business strategy to be consistent with and contribute to individuals' needs and society's goals, as expressed in the Sustainable Development Goals, the Pans Climate Agreement and relevant national and regional frameworks. 2 Impact and target setting: Banks commit to continuously increase their positive impacts while reducing the negative impacts on, and managing the risks to, people and the environment resulting from their activities, products and services 3 Clients and customers: Banks commit to work responsibly with their clients and customens to encourage sustainable practices and enable economic activities that create shared prosperity for current and future generations. 4 Stakeholders: Banks commit to proactively and responsibly consult, engage, and partner with relevant stakeholders to achieve society's goals. 5 Govemance and culture; Banks commit to implementing these principles through effective governance and a culture of responsible banking 6 Transparency and accountability Banks commit to periodically review their individual and collective implementation of the principles and be transparent about and accountable for our positive and negative impacts and our contribution to society's goals

PCAF Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials The Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials (PCAF) is an industry-led partnership, formed of a coalition of industry organisations (such as ABN NAMRO, Amalgamated Bank, ASN Bank, Global Alliance for Banking on Values (GABV), and Triodos Bank) and is the global standard for financial portfolio footprinting. Who reports? Any financial institution that wishes to assess and disclose their financed emissions on a voluntary basis aligned with best practice Over 400 institutions have so far disclosed or committed to disclose their financed emissions using the PCAF standard Commercial banks: 263 Asset owner/managers: 93 Financial services groups: 35 Development banks: 22 Insurance: 20 Investment banks: T Export ort credit agencies: 4 Integrated bank-insurance groups 2 Promotional bank: 1 What is reported? This global standard is split into three parts Part A-Financed Emissions guidance to measure and dadlose emissions associated with seven asset classes: -Listed equity and corporate bond -Business loans and unlisted equity -Project finance -Commercial real estate -Mortgages Motor vehicle loans -Sovereign debt Part B-Facilitated Emissions-guidance for measuring and reporting emissions associated with capital markets issuances. Part C-Insurance-Associated Emissions-guidance for measuring and reporting emissions associated with insurance underwriting. Coming into 2024, PCAF has recently announced that it will concentrate its efforts in the following topics as a priority for methodology development: Transition finance and green finance, fluctuations in absolute GHG inventory (resulting from changes over time to the financial attribution metrics, such as EVIC); additional insurance products and secuntised and structured products VOLUNTARY EMISSIONS INTERNATIONAL Benefits Builds upon the recommendation of the GHG protocol while providing additional detailed information on (among others) Targeted Metrics that financial institutions should report agairst Methodology for calculating emissions for different asset classes. Points of control regarding the financial and environmental data that companies should retrieve. Calculating and disclosing financed emissions Enables financial institutions to Assess their climate-related transition maks in line with TUFDISSB and exposure to emission-intensive portfolios and industries Set Science-Based Targets using the SCIA methodology.

CDP VOLUNTARY INTERNATIONAL CDP is a non-profit organisation, member of the CDSB and is supported by a large number of investors globally. The CDP collects, assesses and reports information on the environmental performance of companies, cities, and regions. It does this by publishing specific questionnaires on climate change, water, forests, and supply chain. Respondents are required to disclose and provide evidence on an extensive array of questions on their current and future sustainability strategy. They will receive a score from A to D representing their sustainability maturity. ESG INVESTOR-LED Who reports? Those who report are either (1) responding to a request filed by investors, (2) responding to a request iled by customers, (3) sell-selected companies. Most large organisations report: Over 23,000 companies disclosed in 2023, an increase of 23% since 2022. This represents 2/3 of global market capitalisabon Investor Partners and Supply Chain Members Represent $136tn in investor assets and 56.4tn in procurement spend. What is reported? There is one integrated questionnare consisting of up to three environmental aspects (Climate Change, Water Secunty, Forestal, depending on their business activities and what their investors have requested them to disclose 1 Cirmate Change Companies are requested to disclose their net-zero transition plans in line with a 15C pathway. They must disclose cimate-related risks and opportunities, detail how the business governance and strategy has adapted and report ermissions data. They are also n requested to to include Scope 12 & 3 emissions and their verification Several questions regarding biodiversity have also recently been added into the questionnaire, however these are, as of yet, unscored 2. Water Security Respondents evaluate and d disclose information on existing and future water risk, water strategy and water use. Includes sector-specific questions for organisations in Agriculture and Materials sectors 3. Forests This section enables investors to understand company exposure and risk associated with deforestation. Questions address the verification and monitoring of commitments, policies and standards and strategy for using forest commodities. Companies may also be required to respond via a supply chain questionnaire: The supply chain questionnaire is aimed at companies that are part of the supply chain of other companies. It is based on the questions int the climate change questionn

Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive Provisionally agreed upon by the European Council and European Parliament in December 2023, the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) aims to enhance the protection of the environment. The directive sets requirements for large companies in relation to the impacts the operations of themselves, subsidiaries, and partners have on both human rights and the environment. Who reports? Large El companies with more than 500 employees and a net worldwide turnover of over €150 million. Non-EU companies with over €150 million turnover generated in the EU within three years of the entry into force of the CSDDD. The European Commission with publish a list of non-EU companies that fall under the scape of the directive. Financial institutions will be excluded from the directive pending a review into possible future inclusion. No date is set yet for compliance, but 2027 has been suggested What is reported? Under the directive, companies must identify, mitigate and prevent negative actual and potential human rights and environmental impacts in their operations, their subsidiaries operations, those of their business partners. This should cover upstream business partners and partially the downstream activities such as distribution or recycling The Directive includes duties for directors, which mandate the implementation of a due diligence process that is integrated into corporate strategy Companies are to develop a transition plan that ensures their business model complies with limiting warming to 1.5C Companies not in compliance could face fines of up to 5% net turnover. Benefits Protection of the environment and human rights Increased transparency . Greater awareness of a companies negative impacts Risk management and resilience.

RE100 Renewable Energy 100 The RE100 initiative is a global programme promoted by the Climate Group, an international NGO, in partnership with the CDP. The aim of the RE100 is to bring together major companies that want to source 100% of their energy from renewable sources by 2050. Alongside the RE100, other initiatives have emerged to achieve this goal, including EP100, EV100 ConcreteZero, RouteZero and SteelZero VOLUNTARY - INTERNATIONAL INVESTOR-LED Who can apply? To become a member of RE100, companies must demonstrate a significant energy demand of at least 0.1 Tw/h/100 Gh/100,000 MWh. Certain exceptions exist for companies that may be influential -Key player in a priority sector or region for RE100. -Willingness to promote RE100 in the region/sector. -Multinational and/or world-renowned brand (Fortune 1000 or equivalent) Companies involved in fossil fuels, airlines, munitions, gambling and tobacco are excluded. Electricity companies and technology providers/developers will also generally not be eligible to join. Subsidiary organisations can join if they have separate branding from parent company or if their electricity consumption is greater than 1TWh/year. What is reported? Member companies publicly commit to sourcing 100% of their electricity from renewable sources throughout their value chain, with a minimum of 60% by 2030, 90% by 2040 and 100% by 2050. Each year, their energy consumption must be reported in relation to these targets justifying the origin of the energy consumed. Progress is reported via the CDP questionnaires. The energy will be justified as renewable using one of these 8 methods methods: own production, purchase of energy produced by third parties at the point of consumption, produced by third parties without connection to the grid. PPA green energy products from suppliens, purchase of GO, renewable energy by network or energy supplied by a network with at least 95% renewable distribution. When to report? From the year in which a company has been accepted as a member of the initiative, it will have to communicate annually on its progress

Verifier & Lead Verifier for Greenhouse Gases (V-GHG) The V-GHG certification qualifies professionals to act as independent verifiers and lead verifiers of greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories, emission reports, and carbon reduction claims in line with internationally recognized standards such as: ISO 14064 – Greenhouse Gas Quantification and Reporting ISO/IEC 17024 – Conformity Assessment for Personnel Certification GHG Protocol – Global Standard for Emissions Accounting Verifier: Responsible for conducting independent assessments of GHG data, ensuring accuracy, consistency, and compliance with reporting requirements. Lead Verifier: Oversees and manages the entire verification process, leads the audit team, and issues the final assurance opinion on GHG reports and declarations. Why this certification matters Ensures credibility and transparency in carbon footprint reporting. Supports compliance with global and regional frameworks such as the EU ETS, CBAM, CSRD, and other international climate regulations. Enhances career opportunities with accredited verification bodies, sustainability consultancies, and international organizations. Who should pursue it? Sustainability and climate professionals Environmental and quality auditors Corporate ESG and compliance officers Experts in oil & gas, petrochemicals, power generation, transport, and other carbon-intensive industries